TABLE 2.
Summary of Argonaute protein PTM
| PTM | Organism | AGO | PTM sites | Enzyme | Effect | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methylation | C. elegans | CSR-1A | RGG/RG motifs (N terminal region) | Unknown | Promote specificity for spermatogenic 22G-RNAs | Nguyen and Phillips 2021 |
| Arabidopsis | AGO1 | N-terminal region | PRMT5 | Affects loading of a subset of siRNAs | Martín-Merchán et al. 2024 | |
| Drosophila | Aubergine | RA/RG-motifs (N-terminal region) | PRMT5 | Affects interaction with Tudor domain proteins and piRNA amplification | Huang et al. 2021 | |
| Phosphorylation | C. elegans | ALG-1 | S988:S998 (PIWI domain) | CK1A1 and CK2 | Promote efficient AGO-miRISC assembly and target silencing | Shah et al. 2023 |
| C. elegans | ALG-1 | S642 (MID domain) | KIN-1 | Promote efficient AGO-miRISC assembly and target silencing | Quévillon Huberdeau et al. 2022 | |
| Human | AGO2 | S387 (linker region) | Akt3 | Required for proper P-body localization and translational repression | Horman et al. 2013 | |
| Human | AGO2 | Y529 (MID domain) | unknown | Impairs P-body localization and small RNA association | Rüdel et al. 2011 | |
| Processing | C. elegans | WAGO-1, WAGO-3 | N terminal region | DPF-3 | Promote specificity for WAGO-class 22G-RNAs | Gudipati et al. 2021 |
| C. elegans | ALG-2 | N terminal region (in vitro) | DPF-3 | Regulates ALG-2 protein level | Harvey et al. 2025 |
