Evolution of aptamers with a new specificity and new secondary structures from an ATP aptamer

Interpretation of mutations leading to class I, II, and III aptamers. Bold nucleotides are in highly conserved recognition loops, and mutations are highlighted in color. (A, C, E) Original ATP aptamer sequence aligned with evolved MBGT aptamer sequence. Mutations with different potential roles are shown in between the initial and final sequences. (B, D, F) The same mutations are illustrated on secondary structure sequence diagrams to illustrate the location and roles of the selected mutations.