Assessment and comparison of thermal stability of phosphorothioate-DNA, DNA, RNA, 2′-F RNA, and LNA in the context of Phi29 pRNA 3WJ

Structures of phi29 DNA-packaging motor, pRNA hexamer, pRNA 3WJ, stepwise assembly of homogeneous 3WJ_LNA, and structures of five different chemically modified oligonucleotides. (A) Structure of phi29 DNA-packaging motor. (B) Packaging RNA (pRNA) hexamer. (C) Phi29 pRNA 3WJ and its crystal structure. (D) Stepwise assembly of 3WJ_LNA. (Short single-stranded oligonucleotides and some chemically modified oligonucleotides respond to EtBr staining differently. Thus, LNA single strands are stained weakly and are not very clear to see in this example.) M indicates the migration of monomer. D indicates the migration of dimer. 3WJ indicates the migration of three-way junction. (E) Structures of chemically modified oligonucleotides (2′-F denotes 2′-fluoro-U/C-modified oligonucleotides and LNA denotes LNA-U/C-modified oligonucleotides).