Expedited quantification of mutant ribosomal RNA by binary deoxyribozyme (BiDz) sensors

Normalized fluorescence intensity of BiDz0 (dark gray bars), BiDz-wt (striped bars), or BiDz-m04 (white bars) in the presence of nontransformed E. coli cells (6.25 × 10⁶ or 2.5 × 10⁷ cells/mL). For BiDz0 and BiDz-wt, the fluorescence values were normalized by the maximum fluorescence of the corresponding sensor achieved at saturation (in the presence of 2 × 10⁸ cells/mL). For BiDz-m04, the fluorescence values were normalized by the fluorescence of BiDz-wt at saturation.