Splicing factor hnRNP A2 activates the Ras-MAPK-ERK pathway by controlling A-Raf splicing in hepatocellular carcinoma development

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FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 1.

Elevated hnRNP A2 and hnRNP A1 expression in mouse liver tumors. (A,B) Box plot representation of qRT-PCR analysis of hnRNP A1 (A) and hnRNP A2 (B) RNA levels in Mdr2−/− mouse liver tumors (n = 22) and normal mouse liver tissue (n = 5). All samples were normalized to GAPDH mRNA levels, and the average expression in normal liver tissue was arbitrarily set at one. Medians are represented by solid black lines. Top and bottom box edges represent the third and first quartile. Whiskers indicate 90 and 10 percentile; asterisks, minimum and maximum points. (C,D) Box plot representation of protein levels for hnRNP A1 (C) and hnRNP A2 (D) in Mdr2−/− mouse liver tumors and normal liver tissue. All samples were normalized to tubulin protein levels and to the average expression in normal liver tissue, which was arbitrarily set at one. Medians are represented by solid black lines. Top and bottom box edges represent the third and first quartile. Whiskers indicate 90 and 10 percentile; asterisks, minimum and maximum points. (E) Western blot analysis of hnRNP A1 and hnRNP A2 protein levels in Mdr2−/− liver tumors (t) and normal (n) mouse liver tissue. Tubulin was used as loading control. Numbers indicate sample number.

This Article

  1. RNA 20: 505-515