The yeast rapid tRNA decay pathway competes with elongation factor 1A for substrate tRNAs and acts on tRNAs lacking one or more of several modifications

trm8-Δ mutants undergo slow degradation of tRNA^Val(AAC), and tan1-Δ mutants undergo slow degradation of tRNA^Ser(CGA) and tRNA^Ser(UGA). Strains were grown at 28°C, treated with thiolutin, and shifted to 37°C, and RNAs from cells were analyzed at the times indicated, as described in Figure 1B. RNA levels were quantified by normalizing to tRNA^Phe levels, and then by normalizing to the values in wild type (BY4741) at time zero. Bars in black indicate 0 h; gray, 24 h.